Yemen is officially called the Republic of Yemen, a country in Western Asia, on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It surrounds Saudi Arabia to the north and Oman to the northeast as well as shares maritime borders with Eritrea, Djibouti, Somaliland as well as Somalia.

It is the second-largest Arab sovereign state in the peninsula, occupying 555,000 square kilometres (214,000 square miles). The coastline goes for concerning 2,000 kilometres (1,200 miles). Yemen’s constitutionally stated capital, and biggest city, is the city of Sanaa. As of 2021, the population of the nation is estimated at 30,491,000.

In old times, Yemen was the house of the Sabaeans, a trading state that included parts of contemporary Ethiopia and Eritrea. Later in 275 CE, the Himyarite Kingdom was influenced by Judaism. Christianity showed up in the 4th century. Islam spread out promptly in the seventh century and also Yemenite soldiers were essential in the early Islamic conquests.

Several dynasties emerged in the 9th to 16th centuries, such as the Rasulid dynasty. The country was separated in between the Ottoman as well as British realms in the 1800s. The Zaydi Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen was developed after World War I before the production of the Yemen Arab Republic in 1962.

South Yemen continued to be a British protectorate as the Aden Protectorate up until 1967 when it came to be an independent state as well as later on, a Marxist-Leninist state. The two Yemeni states united to develop the modern Republic of Yemen (al-Jumhūrīyah al-Yamanīyah) in 1990. Head Of State Ali Abdullah Saleh was the first head of state of the new republic up until his resignation in 2012 in the wake of the Arab Spring.