Uzbekistan is officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, a two times as landlocked nation in Central Asia. It is bordered by 5 landlocked countries: Kazakhstan to the north; Kyrgyzstan to the northeast; Tajikistan to the southeast; Afghanistan to the south; and also Turkmenistan to the south-west. Its capital as well as biggest city is Tashkent.

Uzbekistan belongs to the Turkic languages globe, in addition to a member of the Organization of Turkic States. Uzbek language is the majority-spoken language in Uzbekistan. Islam is the predominant faith in Uzbekistan, most Uzbeks being Sunni Muslims.

The first taped settlers in what is currently Uzbekistan were Eastern Iranian nomads, called Scythians, that founded kingdoms in Khwarazm (8th– 6th centuries BC), Bactria (8th– 6th centuries BC), Sogdia (8th– sixth centuries BC), Fergana (third century BC– 6th century advertisement), and Margiana (3rd century BC– 6th century advertisement).

The area was included into the Iranian Achaemenid Empire and, after a period of Macedonian policy, was ruled by the Iranian Parthian Empire and also later by the Sasanian Empire, till the Muslim occupation of Persia in the seventh century. The Very early Muslim conquests as well as the succeeding Samanid Realm transformed a lot of the people, including the local gentility, into adherents of Islam.

During this period, cities such as Samarkand, Khiva, and Bukhara started to grow rich from the Silk Road, as well as experienced the emergence of leading numbers of the Islamic Golden era, consisting of Muhammad al-Bukhari, Al-Tirmidhi, al Khwarizmi, al-Biruni, Avicenna and also Omar Khayyam. The regional Khwarazmian dynasty and Central Asia as a whole were decimated by the Mongol invasion in the 13th century, after which the area came to be controlled by Turkic peoples.

The city of Shahrisabz was the birthplace of the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), who in the 14th century established the Timurid Empire and was announced the Supreme Emir of Turan with his resources in Samarkand, which ended up being a centre of scientific research under the guideline of Ulugh Beg, bring to life the Timurid Renaissance.

The territories of the Timurid empire were dominated by Uzbek Shaybanids in the 16th century, relocating the centre of power to Bukhara. The region was divided into three states: the Khanate of Khiva, Khanate of Kokand and also Emirate of Bukhara. Conquests by Emperor Babur towards the eastern resulted in the structure of India’s latest intrusions as Mughal Realm.

All of Central Asia was progressively integrated into the Russian Realm throughout the 19th century, with Tashkent coming to be the political facility of Russian Turkestan. In 1924, nationwide delimitation produced the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic as an independent republic within the Soviet Union. Adhering to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it proclaimed self-reliance as the Republic of Uzbekistan on 31 August 1991.