Guyana is formally called the Co–operative Republic of Guyana, a nation on the north mainland of South America. The resources city is Georgetown. Guyana is bordered by the Atlantic Sea to the north, Brazil to the south and also southwest, Venezuela to the west, and also Suriname to the eastern.

With 215,000 square kilometres (83,000 sq mi), Guyana is the third-smallest sovereign state by area in mainland South America after Uruguay and Suriname, and is the second-least heavily populated sovereign state in South America after Suriname; it is also among the least largely inhabited nations in the world. It has a wide array of natural habitats and also really high biodiversity.

The region called “the Guianas” includes the big shield landmass north of the Amazon River and eastern of the Orinoco River known as the “land of many waters”. There are 9 aboriginal tribes residing in Guyana: the Wai Wai, Macushi, Patamona, Lokono, Kalina, Wapishana, Pemon, Akawaio as well as Warao.

Historically controlled by the Lokono and also Kalina people, Guyana was colonised by the Dutch before coming under British control in the late 18th century. It was regulated as British Guiana, with a primarily plantation-style economic climate till the 1950s. It gained self-reliance in 1966, and officially came to be a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations in 1970.

The heritage of British regulation is reflected in the country’s political management and diverse population, that includes Indian, African, Amerindian, Chinese, Portuguese, other European, as well as numerous multiracial teams. In 2017, 41% of the populace of Guyana lived listed below the poverty line.

Guyana is the just South American nation in which English is the official language. Nonetheless, most of the population speak Guyanese Creole, an English-based creole language, as a mother tongue. Guyana belongs to the Anglophone Caribbean. It belongs to the landmass Caribbean area maintaining strong social, historic, as well as political connections with various other Caribbean nations in addition to head office for the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). In 2008, the country joined the Union of South American Nations as an establishing member.