Colombia is a transcontinental nation extending South America as well as an insular area in The United States and Canada. It is surrounded by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the eastern, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador as well as Peru to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and also Panama to the northwest. Colombia comprises 32 departments and the Capital Area of Bogotá, the country’s biggest city. It covers a location of 1,141,748 square kilometers (440,831 sq mi), with a population of 50 million. Colombia’s rich cultural heritage reflects impacts by various Amerindian civilizations, European settlement, African slaves, as well as immigration from Europe and also the Center East. Spanish is the country’s main language, besides which over 70 languages are spoken.

Colombia has been lived in by different aboriginal individuals considering that a minimum of 12,000 BCE, including the Muisca, Quimbaya, and the Tairona. The Spanish landed initially in La Guajira in 1499 and by the mid-16th century conquered parts of the region, establishing the New Kingdom of Granada, with Santa Fé de Bogotá as its capital. Freedom from the Spanish Realm was achieved in 1819, with what is currently Colombia emerging as the United Provinces of New Granada. The new country experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation (1858 ), and afterwards the USA of Colombia (1863 ), prior to the Republic of Colombia was lastly declared in 1886.

Panama seceded in 1903, causing Colombia’s present boundaries. Starting in the 1960s, the nation has struggled with an uneven low-intensity armed problem and also political violence, both of which intensified in the 1990s. Because 2005, there has actually been considerable renovation in safety, stability, as well as regulation of legislation, along with unprecedented economic development and development.

Colombia is just one of the world’s seventeen megadiverse nations, as well as has the second-highest degree of biodiversity in the world. Its territory includes Amazon.com jungle, highlands, grasslands, and also deserts, as well as it is the only nation in South America with coastlines as well as islands along both Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

Colombia is a member of major worldwide and also local organizations consisting of the United Nations, the WTO, the OECD, the OAS, the Pacific Alliance, the Andean Neighborhood, and a NATO Global Companion. Its varied economy is the third-largest in South America, with macroeconomic stability and also desirable long-term growth prospects.