Argentina, formally the Argentine Republic is a nation in the southerly half of South America. Argentina covers an area of 2,780,400 km2 (1,073,500 sq mi), making it the biggest Spanish-speaking country in the world by location. It is the second-largest nation in South America after Brazil, the fourth-largest country in the Americas, and the eighth-largest country on the planet. It shares the bulk of the Southern Cone with Chile to the west, and also is also bordered by Bolivia and also Paraguay to the north, Brazil to the northeast, Uruguay and the South Atlantic Sea to the eastern, as well as the Drake Passage to the south. 

Argentina is a government state partitioned right into twenty-three provinces, and also one autonomous city, which is the government capital as well as largest city of the nation, Buenos Aires. The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a government system. Argentina declares sovereignty over a part of Antarctica, the Falkland Islands and also South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.

The earliest recorded human visibility in modern Argentina dates back to the Paleolithic period.The Inca Empire expanded to the northwest of the nation in Pre-Columbian times. The country has its origins in Spanish emigration of the region throughout the 16th century. Argentina climbed as the successor state of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, a Spanish overseas viceroyalty founded in 1776. The declaration and fight for independence (1810– 1818) was followed by an extended civil war that lasted till 1861, finishing in the nation’s reorganization as a federation. 

The nation afterwards delighted in relative tranquility and also security, with numerous waves of European immigration, generally Italians as well as Spaniards, drastically improving its cultural and demographic overview; over 60% of the populace has complete or partial Italian origins, and also Argentine culture has substantial connections to Italian society.